From then until now
The Punic Period
12th century BC Chr .: | Phoenicians colonize Tunisia |
814 BC Chr .: | Foundation of Carthage |
5th / 4th Century BC Chr .: | Phoenician Carthage rose to become the dominant power in the Mediterranean |
264-241 BC Chr .: | first Punic war against Rome, loss of Sicily |
218-201 BC Chr .: | second Punic war, loss of Carthaginian great power |
149-146 BC Chr .: | Third Punic War, complete destruction of Carthage by the Romans, Tunisia becomes a Roman province |
The roman time
From 146 BC. Chr .: | Roman province "Africa" |
From 27 BC. Chr .: | intensive Roman colonization under Augustus, creation of over 200 Roman cities in Tunisia |
4th century AD: | The fall of the Roman Empire, Christianity prevails |
439-570 AD: | changing rule of Roman dynasties |
The Arab period
670 AD: | Arab subjugation of the Byzantine province, establishment of Kairouan as capital |
From 799 AD: | changing rule of Arab dynasties |
Until 8./9. Century AD: | complete Islamization of the Maghreb |
Until 15th century AD: | The influx of highly educated Muslim and Jewish refugees from Spain promotes the arts and sciences |
Turkish rule
From 1574: | For 300 years Tunisia becomes a province of the Ottoman Empire with autonomy under the Beys set up by Constantinople |
16th century AD: | Highlights of Mediterranean piracy, large slave markets (including in Tunis) |
From the middle of the 19th century AD: | increasing dependence on European colonial powers |
The French colonial era
From 1881: | Tunisia is a French protectorate, Europeans are coming into the country |
1934: | Habib Bourguiba founds the Neo Destour party |
From 1950: | bitter disputes between the independence movement and the French administration |
Independent Tunisia
20. March 1956: | France recognizes Tunisian independence |
1957-1987: | Prime Minister Habib Bourguiba becomes President of the Tunisian Republic |
November 07, 1987: | Bourguiba is declared incapable of office by Prime Minister Ben Ali due to his state of health, and Ben Ali succeeds him |
14 January 2011: | Jasmine Revolution, Ben Ali resigns and flees the country, formation of a constituent assembly to set up a transitional government and a president |
31 December 2014: | Béji Caïd Essebsi becomes the first president to be freely elected by the people |
July 25, 2019: | Acting President Essebsi dies |
23 October 2019: | Election of the new president Kais Saied |